THE ORAL ROUTE OF DRUG ADMINISTRATION.

DRUG ADMINISTRATION THROUGH THE ORAL ROUTE

    The oral route is the easiest way to consume the medicine. Today almost of the all drugs are available to be administered by oral route.. The dosage form in which the drugs are available for oral route administration are solid form like tablet, capsule, liquid form such as solution,suspension and powder. 

      The oral route usually produces systemic effect. For the systemic effect the liquid or solid dosage form reveals the drug in stomach and therefore the drug is absorbed from the G.I. tract or gastrointestinal tract. The drug administered through the oral route is less expensive comparing to another type dosage forms.   

Oral route of drug administration

      It is most popular and commonly used route for drug administration. Because as per as patient's view it is the simplest and safest route of drug administration. So, self administration of drug can easily be carried out.

      Here some disadvantages that sometimes may be happened like that

• The duration of action of the orally administered drug is very slow to treat the disease.
• Sometimes the absorption of drug from gastrointestinal tract may not be regular.
• Some enzymes present in gastrointestinal tract can destroy some medications.
• It is unacceptable for the unconscious patient and also to the patients who has the tendency to vomit.
• It is subjected to the hepatic metabolism before entering into the systemic blood circulation because the blood comes from gastrointestinal tract subjected to be flow through the liver via the hepatic portal system. This metabolism is well known as presystemic metaoblism or the first pass metabolism.
• The solubility of drug is sometimes modified by the presence of some substances like calcium in gastrointestinal tract.
• Stomach empty or filled up is an important factor for the oral route of drug administration.