DRUG TOXICITY

DRUG TOXICITY

       The physicians prescribe drugs to prevent, cure and treat disease. Sometimes those drug may be toxic to certain patients because of genetic transmission, non-selective action, inappropriate administration of the prescribed drug. The United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) spends $1 trillion to ensure the new drug molecules are not quite dangerous. Many pharmaceutical companies spend a big awesome amount of money in clinical trial study to understand safety dose of new drug. E.g.- Acetaminophen drug is turn to be lethal when it is administered in supratherapeutic doses. 

Medicines

     All the research found that no drug is entirely specific. All drugs have both primary intended effects and secondary unintended and unexpected effects, the later is known as side effects or adverse effects. Adverse effects can vary nuisance to life-threatening in animal as well as human body. This side effects make many patients to take drugs on a regular basis.Toxicity may be caused by the inhibition of intended drug target which is also known as on-target adverse effects. Side effects also may be occurred by the inhibition of unintended drug targets known as off-target adverse effects. 
     A drug that causes more harm rather than being good approach in an individual patient depends on many factor genetic transmission, patient's age and sex, several condition like pregnancy, diabetes etc. Many research study has found that very old or very new drug has more tendency to exert the toxic effects because of age dependent difference in pharmacokinetic properties. Drug metabolism which is a genetic factor can alter how a patients responds to a drug. Side effects seemed to be more likely to happened in patients with preexisting effects like kidney or liver dysfunction, pregnancy, depressed immune function.